We will go through the following two guides for writing a philosophy paper:
The Writing Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: Philosophy, including Argument and Thesis Statement
James Pryor, Princeton University: Guidelines on Writing a Philosophy Paper
The Hixon Writing Center at Caltech provides plenty of resources on writing and related issues. You are expected to read the three entries on Plagiarism:
Plagiarism 1, Plagiarism 2, Plagiarism 3
The last entry contains some information about citation as well. The style I tend to prefer is:
Carnap, Rudolf (1962), Logical Foundations of Probability. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Gettier, Edmund L. (1963), Is Justified True Belief Knowledge? Analysis 23, 121-123.
Lewis, David (1980), A Subjectivist's Guide to Objective Chance. In Richard C. Jeffrey (ed.), Studies in Inductive Logic and Probability, Vol. II. Berkeley: University of Berkeley Press, 263-293. Reprinted in David Lewis (1986), Philosophical Papers. Vol. II. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 83-113.
The Hixon Writing Center offers several prizes.
There are several other sites with instructions on how to write a philosophy paper. You can do a Google search on your own, or look at these sites (their order reflects my personal preference).
Peter Horban, Simon Fraser University: Writing a Philosophy Paper
Carla Bagnoli, University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee: Writing a Philosophy Paper
Jeff McLaughlin, University College of the Cariboo: How to Write a Philosophy Paper